Photography 摄影¶

问朋友借了一台富士X-T10，顺便学习一下摄影知识

Basics 基础知识¶

Aperture 光圈¶

Aperture is like the “pupil” for your camera system, which can open and close to change the amount of light that passes through. Note the nine blades in this lens, which form a diaphragm to block any light that tries to pass, except through the center.

Focal Length (\(f\)) 焦距：A fixed property of a lens (e.g., 50mm) that determines its field of view.
- 摄影器材之镜头扫盲篇：彻底认识焦距
- 焦距是光学系统中衡量光的聚集或发散的度量方式，简单来说，焦距是焦点到面镜的中心点之间的距离。
- 根据焦距数值的不同，镜头大致分为三类：
  - 焦距小于35mm的镜头称作广角镜头；
  - 焦距在35mm到85mm之间的镜头称作标准镜头；
  - 焦距大于85mm的镜头称作长焦镜头。
- 镜头的焦距越小，拍摄画面的视角越宽广，能取景到的物体就越多；
- 镜头的焦距越大，拍摄画面的视角越狭窄，能把远处的物体拉近拍摄。
- 变焦镜头，它的身上会刻有一个焦段数值，例如横跨24-70mm的数值。可以通过转动变焦环，把焦距从24mm调整到70mm。
- 定焦镜头，镜头上只刻有一个焦距数值，没有变焦环，只能通过一个固定的焦距视野来完成拍摄。
Aperture Diameter (\(D\)) 光圈孔直径：The adjustable opening inside the lens, controlled by blades, that lets in light
- 摄影基础入门：5分钟读懂光圈是什么？光圈大小和景深的关系！
- 光圈是由光圈叶片所构成的，通过这些光圈叶片的开度来控制光圈的大小。
F-Number (\(F\)) 光圈系数：The ratio (\(F = f/D\)) that standardizes aperture size across different lenses, making it comparable.
- f-number
- 约定俗成的表示方法是“f/值”，例如f/1.4、f/2.8、f/5.6等。
  - 焦距100mm的镜头，如果光圈孔直径是50mm，那么它的光圈系数就是f/2（100mm ÷ 50mm = 2）。
- 光圈（孔径）越大 (f/值越小) → 画面清晰范围越窄 → 景深越浅（聚焦于某个点）
- 光圈（孔径）越小 (f/值越大) → 画面清晰范围越广 → 景深越深（整个画面都比较清楚）
- 平时说的大光圈，就是指小 f/值，反比
景深 Depth of Field
- The other critical effect of aperture is depth of field. Depth of field is the amount of your photograph that appears sharp from front to back. Some images have a “thin” or “shallow” depth of field, where the background is completely out of focus. Other images have a “large” or “high” depth of field, where both the foreground and background are sharp.

Photography 摄影¶

Basics 基础知识¶

Aperture 光圈¶

Shutter Speed 快门速度¶

ISO 感光度¶

Equipments 设备¶

富士 Fujifilm X-T10¶

Retouching 后期¶

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